Environment and Breast Cancer: Science Review

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Key References
Abbreviations
 

4-nitropyrene
CAS RN 57835-92-4

Chemical Summary
Exposure and Risk Assessment
Cancer Studies
 


Cancer studies: Mammary gland tumors
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Originating list
The list(s) or database(s) in which the chemical was identified as showing an increase in mammary gland tumors. CPDB: Carcinogenic Potency Database, IARC: International Agency for Research on Chemicals Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man summaries, NTP TR: National Toxicology Program (NTP) Technical Reports, NTP 11ROC: NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens, CCRIS: Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information Service.
IARC Monographs, National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens, Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System
Mammary gland tumor summary
A summary of findings related to mammary gland tumors, most often excerpted from IARC Monographs or the NTP 11th ROC, and, in some cases, supplemented by our evaluation of individual studies and reviews, is available for the priority chemicals and 67 others.
NTP 11ROC: Intraperitoneal injections of 4-nitropyrene caused an increased incidence of mammary adenocarcinomas in female rats. When administered by subcutaneous injections, 4-nitropyrene induced sarcomas at the injection site, and increased incidences of mammary adenocarcinomas in female rats. In two studies, female rats receiving mammary gland injections of 4-nitropyrene showed an increased incidence of mammary tumors.
Citations to review sources and individual studies reporting mammary gland tumors are listed below.
Citation
Source Type
Notes
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk of chemicals to man.VOL.: 46 (1989) (p. 367) 4-Nitropyrene.
Review
Tested for carcinogenicity in newborn rats by subcutaneous injection, producing an increase in the incidence of mammary tumors: King 1988 ip injection of 30 day olds increased mammary tumors: Imaida 1995 Imaida k hirose m lee ms wang cy and king cm 1985 Comparative carcinogenicities of 1-, 2-, 4-nitropyrenes (NP) and structurall related compounds for female CD rats following intraperitoneal injection (Abstract No 366) Proc AM assoc cancer res 26 93.
http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol46/volume46.p...
Carcinogenic Potency Database 2005. Gold LS ST, Manley NB, Garfinkel GB, Ames BN. Summary Table by Chemical of Carcinogenicity Results in CPDB on 1485 Chemicals. 2005
Review
Not listed
http://potency.berkeley.edu/pdfs/ChemicalTable.pdfpotency...
National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens. Nitroarenes
Review
Intraperitoneal injections caused an increased incidence of mammary adenocarcinomas in female rats (Imaida et al. 1991). When administered by subcutaneous injections, 4-nitropyrene increased incidences of mammary adenocarcinomas (Imaida et al. 1995, IARC 1989). In two studies, female rats receiving mammary gland injections of 4-nitropyrene showed an increased incidence of mammary tumors (Imaida et al. 1991, El-Bayoumy et al. 1993).
http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/profiles/s121ni...
Imaida K, Hirose M, Tay L, Lee MS, Wang CY, King CM. Comparative carcinogenicities of 1-, 2-, and 4-nitropyrene and structurally related compounds in the female CD rat. Cancer Res 1991;51(11):2902-7
Primary Literature

experimental details
Substantial increase in benign and malignant mammary tumors in female rats. More tumor inducing than other mononitropyrenes in the same study. 1st experiment: 3/29, 6/29 fibroadenoma 3rd experiment: 5/28, 15/28 fibroadenoma 1st experiment: 1/29, 13/29 adenocarcinoma 3rd experiment: 1/28, 19/28 adenocarcinoma
Imaida K, Lee MS, Land SJ, Wang CY, King CM. Carcinogenicity of nitropyrenes in the newborn female rat. Carcinogenesis 1995;16(12):3027-30.
Primary Literature

experimental details
Increased malignant mammary tumors in female rats. Adenocarcinoma 3/47, 18/27 (statistically significant). Survival diminished.
El-Bayoumy, K., A. Rivenson, P. Upadhyaya, Y. H. Chae and S. S. Hecht. 1993. Induction of mammary cancer by 6-nitrochrysene in female CD rats. Cancer Res 53(16): 3719-22.
Primary Literature
King CM. Metabolism and biological effects of nitropyrene and related. Res Rep Health Eff Inst 1988(16):1-22.
Primary Literature
National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens, Table 1. Chemicals nominated to the National Toxicology Program for in-depth toxicological evaluation for carcinogenesis testing in fiscal years 1988-2003.
Review
Not nominated for NTP testing in 1998-2003.
http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/tab1.pdf