Environment and Breast Cancer: Science Review

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Key References
Abbreviations
 

dacarbazine
CAS RN 4342-03-4

Chemical Summary
Exposure and Risk Assessment
Cancer Studies
 


Cancer studies: Mammary gland tumors
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Originating list
The list(s) or database(s) in which the chemical was identified as showing an increase in mammary gland tumors. CPDB: Carcinogenic Potency Database, IARC: International Agency for Research on Chemicals Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man summaries, NTP TR: National Toxicology Program (NTP) Technical Reports, NTP 11ROC: NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens, CCRIS: Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information Service.
Carcinogenicity Potency Database, IARC Monographs, National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens
Mammary gland tumor summary
A summary of findings related to mammary gland tumors, most often excerpted from IARC Monographs or the NTP 11th ROC, and, in some cases, supplemented by our evaluation of individual studies and reviews, is available for the priority chemicals and 67 others.
IARC 1981: Several studies by intraperitoneal injection or diet produced tumors at mammary gland and other organs in rats of both sexes. Following oral or intraperitoneal administration to rats, mammary tumors were produced in as little as 18 weeks after initial exposure. NTP 11th ROC: Intraperitoneal injection of dacarbazine in a study involving rats induced breast carcinomas in females. "When administered orally in the diet, dacarbazine induced mammary adenocarcinomas in rats of both sexes…" In a separate study, intraperitoneal injection of dacarbazine induced mammary adenocarcinomas and adenofibromas in female rats.
Citations to review sources and individual studies reporting mammary gland tumors are listed below.
Citation
Source Type
Notes
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk of chemicals to man.VOL.: 26 (1981) (p. 203) Dacarbazine. Summary of Data Reported and Evaluation.
Review
Administration by diet induced mammary tumros in male and female rats: Beal 1975. Intraperitoneal injections induced mammary tumors in female rats: Beal 1975. Intraperitoneal injections induced mammary tumors in female rats. [The Working Group considered that the inadequate reporting of certain items, such as survival times, the amalgamation of various experimental groups and tumor types, as well as the lack of age-adjustment in the analyses precluded a complete evaluation of this study]: Weisburger 1975.
http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/vol26/volume26.p...
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk of chemicals to man.VOL.: Supplement 7 (1987) (p. 184) Dacarbazine. Summary of Data Reported and Evaluation.
Review
Following oral or intraperitoneal administration to rats, mammary tumors produced in as little as 18 weeks after initial exposure: IARC 1981.
http://monographs.iarc.fr/ENG/Monographs/suppl7/suppl7.pd...
Carcinogenic Potency Database 2005. Gold LS ST, Manley NB, Garfinkel GB, Ames BN. Summary Table by Chemical of Carcinogenicity Results in CPDB on 1485 Chemicals. 2005
Review
One of two studies reports mammary tumors: Beal 1976. One study did not report mammary tumors: Skipper 1976.
http://potency.berkeley.edu/pdfs/ChemicalTable.pdf
National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens. Dacarbazine
Review
Following intraperitoneal injection, induced mammary adenocarcinomas and adenofibromas in female rats. In another study, following intraperitoneal injection induced breast carcinomas in female rats (IARC1981).
http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/profiles/s054da...
Beal DD, Skibba JL, Croft WA, Cohen SM, Bryan GT. Carcinogenicity of the antineoplastic agent, 5-(3,3-dimethyl-1-triazeno)-imidazole-4-carboxamide, and its metabolites in rats. J Natl Cancer Inst 1975;54(4):951-7.
Primary Literature
Skipper HE. Booklet 1. Phase 1 Studies on the Carcinogenic Activity of Anticancer Drugs in Mice and Rats. Final Report. 1976.
Primary Literature
A study listed by CPDB 2005 that did not report mammary tumors.
Weisburger JH, Griswold DP, Prejean JD, Casey AE, Wood HB, Weisburger EK. The carcinogenic properties of some of the principal drugs used in clinical cancer chemotherapy. Recent Results Cancer Res. 1975(52):1-17.
Primary Literature
From IARC
National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens, Table 1. Chemicals nominated to the National Toxicology Program for in-depth toxicological evaluation for carcinogenesis testing in fiscal years 1988-2003.
Review
Not nominated for NTP testing in 1998-2003.
http://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/ntp/roc/eleventh/tab1.pdf