Environment and Breast Cancer: Science Review
About
A prospective study of XRCC1 haplotypes and their interaction with plasma carotenoids on breast cancer risk
Han, J., Hankinson, S. E., De Vivo, I., Spiegelman, D., Tamimi, R. M., Mohrenweiser, H. W., Colditz, G. A., Hunter, D. J. Cancer Research. 2003. 63:23, 8536-41.
Topic area
Diet - Genetic variability
Diet - Genetic variability
Study design
Nested case-control
Nested case-control
Funding agency
NIH
NIH
Study Participants
Number of Cases
994
994
Menopausal Status
Post menopausal
The menopausal status of women included in this study is listed here.
Pre menopausalPost menopausal
Number of Controls
Controls: 995
Controls: 995
Participant selection: Inclusion and exclusion criteria
Criteria used to select participants in the study.
Women in the Nurses' Health Study. Pathologically confirmed, incident breast cancers. Cohort members without BC matched on year of birth, menopausal status, postmenopausal hormone use at blood collection, month of blood return, time of day of blood collection, and fasting status.
Exposures investigated
Plasma carotenoids, allele frequencies of XRCC1 by haplotype, used PCR-RFLP
Plasma carotenoids, allele frequencies of XRCC1 by haplotype, used PCR-RFLP
How exposure was measured
Biological Questionnaire
Biological Questionnaire
Breast cancer outcome investigated
Primary breast cancer
Primary breast cancer
Ethnic groups with separate analysis
If this study provided a separate analysis by ethnic or racial group, the groups are listed here.
No
Confounders considered
Other breast cancer risk factors, such as family history, age at first birth, and hormone replacement therapy use, that were taken into account in the study.
Adequately controlled
Genetic characterization included
If the study analyzed relationships between environmental factors and inherited genetic variations, this field will be marked “Yes.” “No”, if not.
Yes
Description of major analysis
Logistic regression analysis of XRCCI haplotypes and caretnoid exposure, including interactions
Logistic regression analysis of XRCCI haplotypes and caretnoid exposure, including interactions
Strength of associations reported
Women with at least one 194TRP allele had nonsignificant reduced risk of BC, AOR=0.79 (0.60-1.04). Those women who carried the 194TRP allele and were in the highest quartile of alpha-carotene consumption showed AOR=0.40 (0.21-0.77). Significant trend for decreasing risk with increasing alpha-carotene level in both 194TRP carriers (p=0.03) and non-carriers (p=0.008). Women who carried the 194TRP allele and were in the highest quartile of beta-carotene consumption showed AOR=0.32 (0.16-0.61). Significant trend for decreasing risk with increasing alpha-carotene level in 194TRP carriers only, (p=0.003). Significant interaction terms were noted for carotenoid level and genotype.
Women with at least one 194TRP allele had nonsignificant reduced risk of BC, AOR=0.79 (0.60-1.04). Those women who carried the 194TRP allele and were in the highest quartile of alpha-carotene consumption showed AOR=0.40 (0.21-0.77). Significant trend for decreasing risk with increasing alpha-carotene level in both 194TRP carriers (p=0.03) and non-carriers (p=0.008). Women who carried the 194TRP allele and were in the highest quartile of beta-carotene consumption showed AOR=0.32 (0.16-0.61). Significant trend for decreasing risk with increasing alpha-carotene level in 194TRP carriers only, (p=0.003). Significant interaction terms were noted for carotenoid level and genotype.
Author address
Department of Nutrition, Harvard Center for Cancer Prevention, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. jhan@hsph.harvard.edu
Department of Nutrition, Harvard Center for Cancer Prevention, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. jhan@hsph.harvard.edu
Controls participation rate
Greater than 70%
Greater than 70%