Environment and Breast Cancer: Science Review


Search the Mammary Carcinogens Reviews Database

x-rays, gamma rays (ionizing radiation)
CAS RN NA1



Cancer studies: Mammary gland tumors
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Originating list
The list(s) or database(s) in which the chemical was identified as showing an increase in mammary gland tumors. CPDB: Carcinogenic Potency Database, IARC: International Agency for Research on Chemicals Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man summaries, NTP TR: National Toxicology Program (NTP) Technical Reports, NTP 11ROC: NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens, CCRIS: Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information Service.
IARC Monographs
Mammary gland tumor summary
A summary of findings related to mammary gland tumors, most often excerpted from IARC Monographs or the NTP 11th ROC, and, in some cases, supplemented by our evaluation of individual studies and reviews, is available for the priority chemicals and 67 others.
Clear evidence of increased mammary gland tumors in animal and human studies.
Citations to review sources and individual studies reporting mammary gland tumors are listed below.
Citation
Source Type
Notes
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk of chemicals to man.VOL.: 75 (2000) X-Radiation and Gamma-Radiation. Summary of Data Reported and Evaluation.
Review
In adult animals, the incidences of a variety of neoplasms including mammary tumors were increased in a dose dependent manner with both types of radiation. Prenatal exposure of dogs to 60Co gamma-rays at late fetal stages resulted in significant increases in the incidences of mammary carcinoma in dogs.
National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens. Ionizing Radiation
Review
X-radiation and gamma radiation are clearly carcinogenic in all species of experimental animals tested (mouse, rat, and monkey for X-radiation and mouse, rat, rabbit, and dog for gamma radiation). Among these species, radiation-induced tumors have been observed in about 17 tissues or organs, including those observed in humans (i.e. breast) (IARC 2000).
National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens, Table 1. Chemicals nominated to the National Toxicology Program for in-depth toxicological evaluation for carcinogenesis testing in fiscal years 1988-2003.
Review
Not nominated for NTP testing in 1998-2003.