Environment and Breast Cancer: Science Review


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benzidine
CAS RN 92-87-5



Cancer studies: Mammary gland tumors
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Originating list
The list(s) or database(s) in which the chemical was identified as showing an increase in mammary gland tumors. CPDB: Carcinogenic Potency Database, IARC: International Agency for Research on Chemicals Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man summaries, NTP TR: National Toxicology Program (NTP) Technical Reports, NTP 11ROC: NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens, CCRIS: Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information Service.
Carcinogenicity Potency Database, IARC Monographs, National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens
Mammary gland tumor summary
A summary of findings related to mammary gland tumors, most often excerpted from IARC Monographs or the NTP 11th ROC, and, in some cases, supplemented by our evaluation of individual studies and reviews, is available for the priority chemicals and 67 others.
One study noted slight mammary tumor increase.
Citations to review sources and individual studies reporting mammary gland tumors are listed below.
Citation
Source Type
Notes
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk of chemicals to man. Supplement 7: (1987) (p. 123) Benzidine.
Review
Notes oral administration and intraperitoneal administration in rats caused mammary tumors: Huggins 1959, Pliss 1974, Morton 1981, Steinhoff 1974.
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk of chemicals to man. VOL.: 29 (1982) (p. 149) Benzidine and its sulphate hydrochloride and dihydrochloride.
Review
Oral and intraperitoneal administration caused mammary tumors in rats. .
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk of chemicals to man.VOL.: 1 (1972) (p. 80) Benzidine.
Review
Only bladder and liver tumors mentioned.
Carcinogenic Potency Database 2005. Gold LS ST, Manley NB, Garfinkel GB, Ames BN. Summary Table by Chemical of Carcinogenicity Results in CPDB on 1485 Chemicals. 2005
Review
CPDB reports mammary gland tumors in one of two studies. Mammary tumors are reported in Zabezhinskii 1970 which is in Russian and the abstract is not available on PubMed. CPDB did not note mammary tumors in Osanai 1976.
National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens. Benzidine and Dyes Metabolized to Benzidine
Review
Mammary tumors in female rats through oral administration and intraperitoneal injection. References are IARC, 1982 and 1987.
Osanai, H. An experimental study on hepatoma caused by aromatic amines. J. Sci. Labour 52: 179-201(1976).
Primary Literature
A study listed by CPDB 2005 that did not report mammary tumors. By the title of the study, we can tell they were only looking for hepatomas and so we would not anticipate them listing mammary tumors even if they occurred.
Zabezhinskii MA. [The effect of the inhalation method of administering various atomized carcinogenic substances]. Biull Eksp Biol Med 1970;69(1):72-4
Primary Literature

experimental details
In Russian and the abstract is not available on PubMed. CPDB indicates slight increase in malignant mammary tumors.
Huggins C, Briziarelli G, Sutton H, Jr. Rapid induction of mammary carcinoma in the rat and the influence of hormones on the tumors. J Exp Med 1959;109(1):25-42.
Primary Literature
From IARC, review postponed.
Morton KC, Wang CY, Garner CD, Shirai T. Carcinogenicity of benzidine, N,N'-diacetylbenzidine, and N-hydroxy-N,N'-diacetylbenzidine for female CD rats. Carcinogenesis 1981;2(8):747-52.
Primary Literature
From IARC, review postponed.
Pliss GB, Vol'fson NI. [Effect of ortho-tolidine on benzidine induction of tumors in rats]. Vopr Onkol 1974;20(2):53-7.
Primary Literature
In Russian. From IARC, review postponed. No controls.
Steinhoff D. [Intense carcinogenic effect of benzidine]. Naturwissenschaften 1974;61(6):276-7.
Primary Literature
From IARC, review postponed. In German. No controls, counted tumors only not # of animals with mammary tumors.
National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens, Table 1. Chemicals nominated to the National Toxicology Program for in-depth toxicological evaluation for carcinogenesis testing in fiscal years 1988-2003.
Review
Nominated for toxicity testing by ATSDR 2002; under review. Rationale: Inadequate information on health effects of a hazardous substance found at a National Priorities List waste site.