Environment and Breast Cancer: Science Review


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urethane
CAS RN 51-79-6



Cancer studies: Mammary gland tumors
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Originating list
The list(s) or database(s) in which the chemical was identified as showing an increase in mammary gland tumors. CPDB: Carcinogenic Potency Database, IARC: International Agency for Research on Chemicals Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man summaries, NTP TR: National Toxicology Program (NTP) Technical Reports, NTP 11ROC: NTP 11th Report on Carcinogens, CCRIS: Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information Service.
National Toxicology Program studies, Chemical Carcinogenesis Research Information System
Mammary gland tumor summary
A summary of findings related to mammary gland tumors, most often excerpted from IARC Monographs or the NTP 11th ROC, and, in some cases, supplemented by our evaluation of individual studies and reviews, is available for the priority chemicals and 67 others.
Vinyl carbamate expoxide, a metabolite of urethane, also causes mammary gland tumors. NTP 11th ROC: When administered in the drinking water, urethane induced mammary carcinomas in mice of both sexes and mammary tumors in hamsters of both sexes. When injected intraperitoneally, urethane induced increased incidence of mammary tumors in rats of both sexes. X-irradiation combined with administration of urethane led to the induction of mammary carcinomas in mice.
Citations to review sources and individual studies reporting mammary gland tumors are listed below.
Citation
Source Type
Notes
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risk of chemicals to man.VOL.: 7 (1974) (p. 111) Urethane.
Review
Mammary tumours reported in 6 studies: Della Porta (1963), Tannenbaum & Maltoni (1962), Toth & Boreisha (1969), Tannenbaum (1961), Riviere (1964 and 1965), Tannenbaum (1962)
Carcinogenic Potency Database 2005. Gold LS ST, Manley NB, Garfinkel GB, Ames BN. Summary Table by Chemical of Carcinogenicity Results in CPDB on 1485 Chemicals. 2005
Review
Eight of eight studies did not report mammary tumors: Adamson 1983, Innes 1968, Toth 1969, Pietra 1960, Inai 1991, Tomatis 1972, Schmahl 1977, Van Esch 1972.
National Toxicology Program 11th Report on Carcinogens. Urethane
Review
When administered in drinking water, induced mammary carinomas in mice of both sexes and in hamsters of both sexes (IARC 1974, 1982, 1987). When injected intraperitoneally, increased incidences of mammary tumors in rats of both sexes (IARC 1974). X-irradiation combined with administration of urethane led to the induction of mammary carcinomas in mice (IARC 1974).
Adamson RH, Sieber SM. Chemical carcinogenesis studies in nonhuman primates. Basic Life Sci 1983;24:129-56.
Primary Literature
A study listed by CPDB 2005 that did not report mammary tumors.
Inai K, Arihiro K, Takeshima Y, Yonehara S, Tachiyama Y, Khatun N, et al. Quantitative risk assessment of carcinogenicity of urethane (ethyl carbamate) on the basis of long-term oral administration to B6C3F1 mice. Jpn J Cancer Res 1991;82(4):380-5.
Primary Literature
A study listed by CPDB 2005 that did not report mammary tumors.
Innes J. Evaluation of Carcinogenic, Teratogenic, and Mutagenic Activities of Selected Pesticides and Industrial Chemicals. Volume 1: Carcinogenic Study. Distributed by National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA: Bionetics Research Laboratories, Inc.; 1968
Primary Literature
A study listed by CPDB 2005 that did not report mammary tumors.
Pietra G, Shubik P. Induction of melanotic tumors in the Syrian golden hamster after administration of ethyl carbamate. J Natl Cancer Inst 1960;25:627-30.
Primary Literature
A study listed by CPDB 2005 that did not report mammary tumors.
Schmahl D, Port R, Wahrendorf J. A dose-response study on urethane carcinogenesis in rats and mice. Int J Cancer 1977;19(1):77-80.
Primary Literature
A study listed by CPDB 2005 that did not report mammary tumors.
Tomatis L, Turusov V, Day N, Charles RT. The effect of long-term exposure to DDT on CF-1 MICE. Int J Cancer 1972;10(3):489-506.
Primary Literature
A study listed by CPDB 2005 that did not report mammary tumors.
Toth B, Boreisha I. Tumorigenesis with isonicotinic acid hydrazide and urethan in the Syrian golden hamsters. Eur J Cancer 1969;5(2):164-71.
Primary Literature
A study listed by CPDB 2005 that did not report mammary tumors.
Van Esch GJ, Kroes R. Long-term toxicity studies of chlorpropham and propham in mice and hamsters. Food Cosmet Toxicol 1972;10(3):373-81.
Primary Literature
A study listed by CPDB 2005 that did not report mammary tumors.
National Toxicology Program Technical Report 510, 2004
Primary Literature
Della Porta C, de Castillia S. Studies on leukemogenesis in urethan-treated mice. Acta Un. Int. Cancr 1963;29:783-785.
Primary Literature
From IARC, review postponed.
Riviere MR, Perrier MT, Chouroulinkov I, Guerin M. [Mammary Tumors Developed In The Female Hamster After Cutaneous Application Or Ingestion Of Urethane.]. C R Seances Soc Biol Fil 1964;158:440-3.
Primary Literature
Only in French. From IARC, positive for mammary tumors. Review postponed.
Tannenbaum A, Maltoni C. Neoplastic response of various tissues to the administration of urethan. Cancer Res 1962;22:1105-12.
Primary Literature
From IARC, review postponed.
Tannenbaum A, Vesselinovitch SD, Maltoni C, Mitchell DS. Multipotential carcinogenicity of urethan in the Sprague-Dawley rat. Cancer Res 1962;22:1362-71.
Primary Literature
From IARC, review postponed.
Tannenbaum A. Studies on urethan carcinogenesis. Acta Unio Int Contra Cancrum 1961;17:72-87.
Primary Literature
From IARC, review postponed.